The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a state that was created in 1801 by the joining of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland. It ended in 1922 when the Irish Free State was founded.
Thereafter, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland continued in name until 1927 when the name was changed to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The kingdom is generally known as the United Kingdom, the UK or Britain.
The UK was and still is a constitutional monarchy and the head of state is Queen Elizabeth II. The country lies off the northwest coast of mainland Europe. Even if Britain’s territory and population are to be found mainly on the island of Great Britain and in Northern Ireland the country also has settlements on a number of smaller islands in the surrounding seas.
The
United Kingdom is a political union made up of four countries:
England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The United
Kingdom also has several territories overseas, for example
Gibraltar and Bermuda. The Channel Islands (for example Guernsey and
Jersey) and Isle of Man are dependent on and form a federacy
with the UK. They are also part of the British Isles, but
not part of the UK.